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My Steering Wheel Is Hard To Turn: Power Steering Functions

Understanding Power Steering in Modern Vehicles

In the modern age, vehicles have become increasingly sophisticated, and a key component of this sophistication is the power steering system. Power steering, an essential feature in modern vehicles, is designed to reduce the effort needed to turn the steering wheel, making driving a smoother and more comfortable experience.

The Basics of Power Steering

Power steering systems can be broadly classified into two types: hydraulic and electric. Hydraulic systems use hydraulic fluid to transmit the force needed to turn the wheels, while electric power steering systems use an electric motor for the same purpose. The core idea is to assist the driver in steering the vehicle with less physical effort.

Hydraulic Power Steering

In a hydraulic power steering system, a pump driven by the vehicle’s engine circulates hydraulic fluid under pressure to a steering gear. This hydraulic pressure helps in reducing the effort needed to turn the steering wheel. The system is interconnected with components like the power steering pump, hydraulic fluid, and the steering gear.

Electric Power Steering (EPS)

Electric power steering, on the other hand, eliminates the need for hydraulic fluid. It utilizes an electric motor, which is controlled by the vehicle’s electrical system, to provide the necessary assistance. EPS systems are becoming increasingly popular in modern vehicles due to their efficiency and the elimination of hydraulic fluid leaks.

Common Power Steering Issues

Power Steering Fluid Leak

One of the most common issues in hydraulic power steering systems is a power steering fluid leak. This can lead to a decrease in hydraulic pressure, making the steering wheel hard to turn. Checking for leaks in the steering rack or the power steering belt can help identify the source of the problem.

Failing Power Steering Pump

Another issue could be a failing power steering pump. This component is critical for maintaining the right amount of hydraulic pressure in the system. If the pump fails, it may require a power steering pump replacement to restore proper function.

Problems with Electric Power Steering Systems

In vehicles with electric power steering, problems can arise in the electrical system or the electric motor itself. A malfunctioning motor or electrical issue can lead to the steering wheel becoming difficult to turn.

Maintenance Tips

How to Check Power Steering Fluid

Regular maintenance is crucial for the longevity of power steering systems. For hydraulic systems, it’s important to know how to check power steering fluid levels. A low fluid level can indicate a leak and should be addressed promptly.

Inspecting the Power Steering Belt and Serpentine Belt

The power steering belt and serpentine belt should also be inspected regularly. These belts drive the power steering pump, and any wear or damage can affect the system’s performance.

Steering Rack and Steering Column Checks

Regular checks of the steering rack and steering column can help identify wear and tear or potential issues that could affect steering performance.

The Bottom Line

Understanding how power steering works and recognizing the signs of a failing power steering system are crucial for vehicle maintenance. Whether it’s a hydraulic system with its reliance on hydraulic fluid and hydraulic assist, or an electric system with its electric motor and electrical system, timely maintenance and repair are key to ensuring a smooth and safe driving experience. Remember, if turning your front wheels becomes a challenge, it might be time to check your power steering system.

Learn how our experts can help solve your steering system issues.

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